Study database
A controlled experiment outside clinical reality. It explains a mechanism; it does not establish an effect in a living body.
HUHuman
Carbon-14 measurements in 28 Achilles tendons and 4 muscle samples showed that the tendon core is essentially formed in roughly the first 17 years of life and barely renewed thereafter, while muscle turns over continuously.
HOHorse
Despite a higher cell density, the energy-storing flexor tendon showed lower collagen messenger RNA, lower degradation markers and higher tissue fluorescence than the positional tendon, which points to slower matrix remodelling.
HOHorse
The interfascicular matrix of the energy-storing tendon behaved more elastically than that of the positional tendon, and became stiffer and less resistant to repeated loading with advancing age.
HOHorse
Elastin is concentrated in the interfascicular matrix of energy-storing equine tendons; quantity and order decline with age, which is consistent with the raised injury risk of old energy-storing tendons.
HOHorse
Normal equine tendon tissue consisted almost entirely of type I collagen; the scar tissue after partial rupture additionally contained 20 to 30 per cent type III, which implies lower tensile strength of the scar.
RORodent
Isolated tendon fascicles lost elastic modulus from two per cent strain onwards, structural collagen damage appeared from six per cent, and the tendon core repaired that damage barely at all over several days.
HOHorse
In excised superficial digital flexor tendons from young and old horses, enzymatic degradation of elastin specifically lowered the viscoelasticity, fatigue resistance and recovery capacity of the interfascicular matrix, without measurably changing the mechanics of the fascicles.
HOHorse
Experimental model without an untreated control group, each animal serving as its own baseline: after a chemically induced, non-infectious joint inflammation in 24 horses, serum amyloid A rose to about 227 times baseline (peak 36 to 48 hours) and haptoglobin to about 1.1 times baseline, while fibrinogen rose on average by about 90 per cent above baseline; all markers were back to normal on day 15, so a rise does not prove an infection.
RORodent
In the mouse peritonitis model, a repeated, very low-dose mixture of five resolution mediators shortened the resolution interval by more than 70 per cent and speeded up the clearance of recruited immune cells; a purely rodent finding with no clinical endpoints.
SPSpecies-independent
High-temperature steaming lowered the viable microbial load most, without reducing species diversity, while soaking reduced diversity and raised the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria.
SPSpecies-independent
Steaming lowered the estimated precaecal digestibility of crude protein from 56% to 35% and that of lysine by more than half, but remains suitable for asthmatic horses because of the microbial reduction, provided the ration is adjusted.
HOHorse
Digesta from the caecum, the ventral and dorsal colon and the rectum of eight Warmbloods differed significantly in total fatty acids, butyrate, pH and ammonia; using rectal contents as the inoculum overestimates forage digestibility.
HUHuman
Across more than 5,000 human samples from four body sites, the functional profiles predicted from 16S data deviated systematically from genome sequencing; only calibration with a few parallel sample pairs offset the deviation.
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